the differential is used to change the direction of the engine's
rotational motion. the differential is run from the gear at the end of the drive shaft spinning the crown wheel. the differential uses a pinion and ring gear to drive the
wheels and spider gears to control the speed of each wheel around a
corner.when taking a corner the inside wheel travels less distance therefore it travels at a slower rate of speed. the spider gears spin accordingly to make sure that the outside wheel is moving fast enough to stop the wheels from skidding.
good overview, What can be checked on a Differential, can it be adjusted?
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